HBA-MPA H.J.R. 61 76(R) BILL ANALYSIS Office of House Bill AnalysisH.J.R. 61 By: Puente County Affairs 4/11/1999 Introduced BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE When the present Texas Constitution was adopted, at the end of Reconstruction in 1876, city and county government served distinctly different purposes. Texas was still a frontier state, cities were few and small, and counties were the major form of local government. Today Texas is an urban industrial state, with 80 percent of its population in metropolitan areas. Cities have had constitutional home rule, the power to adopt their own charter defining the structure of their government, since 1912. The constitution of 1876 imposes exactly the same system on every county in Texas, from Bexar, Dallas, Tarrant, and Harris counties with populations over one million to Loving County with a population of 100. This is a divided structure in which the principal functions of county government are carried out by separately elected officials who are not answerable to the commissioners court. As proposed, H.J.R. 61 requires the submission to the voters of a constitutional amendment allowing the voters of a county with a population of 100,000 or more, or a county that is included in a federal statistical metropolitan statistical area and that is adjacent to a county with a population of 100,000 or more, to adopt a county charter that restructures and empowers the county government and allows for the integration of the county government with other local political subdivisions. RULEMAKING AUTHORITY It is the opinion of the Office of House Bill Analysis that this bill does not expressly delegate any additional rulemaking authority to a state officer, department, agency, or institution. SECTION BY SECTION ANALYSIS SECTION 1. Amends Article III, Texas Constitution, by adding Section 64A, as follows: Sec. 64A. (a) Authorizes a county with a population of 100,000 or more, or a county that is included in a federal metropolitan statistical area and that is adjacent to a county with a population of 100,000 or more to adopt a county charter. Authorizes the county charter to integrate the county government with other local political subdivisions allowed under this section. (b) Authorizes a charter adopted under this section to: (1) provide for the title, qualifications, term of office, powers, or duties of an office of chief elected official to replace the county judge; (2) provide for the structure, number of members, qualifications, terms of office, powers, duties, or other features of the governing body that replaces the commissioners court; (3) modify the powers, duties, or functions of a county official established by the constitution, if the charter continues these functions; (4) merge the office of an elected county official established by the constitution with the office of another county official if the charter otherwise continues the function of both offices; and (5) provide for the abolition of the office of an elected county official established under the constitution, on approval of a majority of voters voting in a separate election held at least one year after the initial adoption of the charter. (c) Provides that the abolition of an office under Subsection (b)(5) is effective on the earlier of the conclusion of the regular term of the office holder at the time of the election to abolish the office, or the date the office becomes vacant. (d) Authorizes a charter adopted under this section to also integrate the county government and the government of any other municipality, special district or authority, or other political subdivision (political subdivision), other than a school district, if more than one-half of the area of the political subdivision to be integrated is located in the county, and the integration of the political subdivisions includes the most populous municipality. (e) Provides that the powers and duties of a county that adopts a charter under this section are those established by the charter that are not inconsistent with a constitutional or statutory provision expressly applying to a charter county, and any additional powers and duties granted by the constitution or general law. (f) Provides that the integrated county government, if the charter integrates the county with other political subdivisions, has the cumulative powers and duties of the political subdivisions that are integrated. Prohibits a charter adopted under this section from diminishing the powers, duties, and functions of the political subdivision. (h) Provides that the powers and duties of the integrated county government outside the county are limited to those that an integrated political subdivision, if it is a municipality with extraterritorial jurisdiction outside the county, or a political subdivision with any part of its territory outside the county, would have had in the absence of governmental integration. (i) Provides that a charter that integrates the county with other political subdivisions must establish distinct service districts that provide for district taxes, that are graduated by area and based on the level of services provided by the integrated county government. (j) Provides that a charter adopted under this section controls on an issue relating to structure, powers, duties, functions, or governance of the county, except for a constitutional or statutory provision expressly applying to charter counties. (k) Requires the legislature to establish procedures, by local or general law, for the appointment or election of a charter commission and for the adoption of a charter under this section. Provides that the procedures for appointment of a charter commission must include procedures for initiation of creation of the charter commission by the commissioners court, the governing body of the most populous municipality, and by petition of residents. Authorizes the legislature to include any additional guarantees or provisions it considers appropriate to protect minority voting rights. Authorizes the legislature to also include in a charter that integrates the county with other political subdivisions provisions to: (1) protect existing employees of the political subdivision to be integrated under a county charter; (2) coordinate the charter with laws governing annexation; and (3) structure the governing body and the service districts and allocate the debt service obligations of an integrated county government to ensure equity among voters and taxpayers. SECTION 2. Requires this proposed constitutional amendment to be submitted to the voters at an election to be held November 2, 1999. Sets forth the required language for the ballot.